Ultrafine particles refer to mineral particles having a particle size of less than 10 μm which are difficult or impossible to sort by conventional beneficiation methods (reselection, magnetic separation, flotation, etc.). It is well known that ultrafine particles are poorly sorted by conventional beneficiation processes due to their small mass, large specific surface area, high surface energy, and strong surface electrical properties.
In recent decades, with the increasing degree of “poor, fine and miscellaneous†mineral resources at home and abroad, the sorting technology of ultrafine particles has been paid more and more attention and has been developed. So far, the application of ultrafine particle sorting technology at home and abroad The number of examples is also increasing, and the sorting technology of ultrafine particles will become one of the important research directions in the field of mineral processing.
Non-metallic ore sorting ultrafine particles surface substantially electrically based mineral particles, surface free energy, colloid or the like for the chemical properties. Up to now, it has been summarized as follows: hydrophobic agglomeration sorting, polymer flocculation sorting, magnetic species and magnetic composite agglomeration sorting. Although these sorting processes are not the same, they all follow the following principles:
(1) According to the difference of surface physicochemical properties and colloidal chemical properties of the target mineral particles, the minerals of the fine particles are agglomerated by means of certain media means (such as adding magnetic seeds, collectors , polymer flocculants, etc.). Or selectively agglomerating with a media agent to increase the particle size of the sorted particles or enhance the sorting characteristics;
(2) Separating the target mineral agglomerates from the fine-grained gangue by conventional sorting methods (re-selection, magnetic separation, flotation, etc.) under conditions of dispersion and control of fine-grained gangue minerals.
1, hydrophobic cluster sorting
Hydrophobic agglomeration sorting is a process in which the surface of a mineral particle is selectively hydrophobized to form a hydrophobic agglomerate, which is then separated by a suitable physical method. The hydrophobic agglomeration separation process can be divided into five types: shear flocculation flotation, carrier flotation, emulsification flotation, oil agglomeration separation and two-liquid separation.
Hydrophobic agglomeration sorting principle process
Carrier flotation process applications more successful in the United States and Georgia Philip mineral reagents companies kaolin flotation in removal of anatase titanium ore carrier. Emulsified flotation is more suitable for the sorting of fine-grain minerals and has strong adaptability to ore types.
2. Polymer flocculation separation
High-molecular flocculation separation is the selective flocculation of high-molecular flocculant in the slurry, so that some mineral microparticles are flocculated, and other minerals are still in a dispersed state, by physical sorting (flotation, re-election, etc.) The method achieves the sorting of mineral components. Polymer flocculation and sorting has become an important method for the treatment of fine-grained minerals and has a successful industrial practice.
Schematic diagram of polymer flocculation separation process
1-dispersion; 2-dosing; 3-adsorption; 4-selective flocculation; 5-sedimentation separation
Polymer Flocculation sorting non-metallic minerals in the purification of application mainly in the selective flocculation selective flocculation purified bauxite and kaolin.
3, composite agglomeration sorting
Composite clustering refers to the sorting method of strengthening the clustering process while using the interface force and supplemented by other force fields, such as magnetic fields. Commonly used mainly include condensed magnetic sorting, hydrophobic-magnetic composite agglomeration sorting, polymer-magnetic composite agglomeration sorting, and the like.
Polymer-magnetic composite agglomeration sorting process
Agglomerated magnetic seed sorting method can be used for selection of purified kaolinite, kaolin was removed superfine grains (<10μm) iron mineral mass.
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