Ginseng is a valuable Chinese herbal medicine. Most of the plants are currently covered with shady sheds and planted under the forest. They are afraid of water accumulation, they are resistant to drought, they are afraid of high temperatures, and they are resistant to cold. They can germinate at temperatures above 10°C in spring and enter in winter. Dormant period, temperature -32 °C, soil temperature -20 °C, the roots are also frozen and the best temperature in the growth phase is 20 ~ 25 °C, to understand the temperature law required for the growth of ginseng, can properly regulate the environmental temperature of ginseng growth, Changes in soil temperature have a certain effect, which is conducive to the growth of ginseng and increase economic efficiency.
The ginseng grown under two conditions was selected as the research object. Scenario 1 took a 3-year-old ginseng in a greenhouse in the suburbs of Changchun as the research object. The greenhouse did not start the heating system in winter and the ginseng sprouted on April 19, so it was chosen. The data was recorded every 1 minute on this day. The measurement data included 0-25cm soil temperature, ambient temperature, soil moisture, environmental humidity, and the like. The measuring instrument was selected from the Jinzhou Sunshine Technology Company's automatic weather station with data wireless transmission function. Option 2 The ginseng in the shady shed planted by ginseng farmers in Jingyu County, Jilin Province was selected as the study object. The ginseng in the shady shed took root and sprouted on May 5th. The soil temperature of 10cm on May 5 and the shading under the shelter were selected. The ambient temperature is the test object and data is recorded every 3 h. The soil is a temperature regenerator. During the day, the soil absorbs solar radiation transmitted through the greenhouse. The ground temperature rises and the soil stores heat. At night, temperatures drop, and the loss of heat in the soil slows down the temperature. Since the heat capacity of air is much smaller than that of soil, the change of temperature is more obvious than the ground temperature. Therefore, the daytime temperature in a greenhouse is generally higher than the ground temperature, and the nighttime ground temperature is higher than the air temperature. The change of ground temperature is related to the depth of measurement. The temperature change at the surface (0cm) has the same trend as the room temperature. With the increase of the measurement depth, the change of the ground temperature with the temperature is not obvious. The ground temperature measured at a distance of 25cm from the surface is basically stable, and the temperature difference between day and night is within 0.4°C.
According to the actual measurement data, it can be seen that the highest temperature in the greenhouse occurs between 15:00 and 15:19 in the afternoon, the maximum temperature is 23.3°C, and the lowest temperature is between 4:52 and 6:17 in the morning, and the lowest temperature is 11.9°C. This is similar to the law of outdoor air temperature. At the same time, the change law of ground temperature can also be found from the measured data. The change of ground temperature is related to the change of room temperature. It is just behind the room temperature, the highest temperature of 0cm ground temperature is between 16:05 and 17:05, and the highest temperature is 15°C. The lowest temperature appears between 7:10 and 8:24, the lowest temperature is 12.3°C; the highest temperature of 25cm ground temperature appears between 0:00 to 5:27 and 22:20 to 24 o'clock in the morning, and the maximum temperature is 12.1°C; The lowest temperature appeared between 7:25 and 8:07, and the lowest temperature was 11.7°C.
From the analysis of the test data under the shade shelter, the change in the ground temperature is also related to the ambient temperature. At the same time, the occurrence of the highest temperature and the lowest temperature lag behind the ambient temperature.
The actual accumulated temperature instrument test shows that regardless of the greenhouse production or planting under shade, the soil temperature during the growth of ginseng has a direct correlation with the environmental factors, especially the temperature. In fact, shade shelters are widely used in practice, especially the application of single-light greenhouses and double-shelf shades, which change the traditional full-shallow shed cultivation techniques, but they are not entirely ideal. The most scientific production method. According to the physiological characteristics and cultivation characteristics of ginseng, as well as its own economic conditions, the greenhouse production mode can be properly adopted. By regulating the ambient temperature and other environmental factors, the rational lighting conditions can be created, especially to prevent the most probable spring in spring. The occurrence of frost damage ensures the emergence rate of ginseng.
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