Artificial Intelligence
Electric Vehicles Expected to Enter Commercial Interview with Chen Guangzu
Electric vehicles are expected to enter commercialization, according to an interview with Chen Guangzu, a senior expert from the China Automotive Industry Advisory Committee. The article was published in Chinese on February 25, 2004, at 8:27:39, sourced from reports by the 21st Century Economy. With support from the Global Fund and the United Nations Development Programme, the "Commercialization of Fuel Cell Buses in China" project has been launched. A total of $35 million has been allocated, with one-third coming from international funding, another third from the Chinese government, and $5 million each from Shanghai and Beijing. The goal is to deploy 12 fuel cell buses in China between 2006 and 2007, with six in Beijing and Shanghai, followed by expansion to 10 cities by 2015.
During the "Tenth Five-Year Plan," electric vehicles were included in the "863" major scientific and technological research program. The development of electric vehicles is seen as a key opportunity for China's automotive industry to leapfrog current limitations. On February 17, Chen Guangzu shared his insights on the topic with this newspaper.
The 21st Century: Some electric vehicles have entered the commercial development stage. In cities like Wuhan and Hangzhou, electric vehicles have started operating on the streets. However, some people argue that the industry's development level is still low. What is the current state of the electric vehicle industry?
Chen Guangzu: Hybrid electric vehicles are more technologically mature, with batch production and commercial applications in recent years. Pure battery electric vehicles, however, face challenges due to battery quality and cost, and are mainly used in non-highway areas. While they show great potential, there are still many debates and ongoing explorations. Fuel cell electric vehicles are considered leading products by global automotive professionals, who believe they will see significant progress in industrial testing and may become commercialized soon.
With advancing technology, hybrid vehicles combining fuel cells and batteries have emerged. This is because fuel cell technology for vehicles is not yet fully mature, so batteries are used as a supplement, making these vehicles a transitional product. This blurs the line between different types of electric vehicles.
The 21st Century: Compared to global developments, where does China stand in its electric vehicle efforts?
Chen Guangzu: Over the next five years, China's electric vehicles are expected to make significant progress. It's important to focus on industrialization rather than just highlighting scientific achievements. The goal should be to make these vehicles widely available, which is challenging but necessary. There have been many lessons learned from past R&D efforts in China's auto industry, and hard work is required to overcome real-world challenges. Otherwise, China risks missing a major opportunity for growth.
The 21st Century: Some analysts say that compared to the world, China's electric vehicle development, including the initial steps toward commercialization of fuel cell vehicles, still lags behind. Is it difficult for China to catch up quickly?
Chen Guangzu: China's research on fuel cells is not too late. Since 1958, the Tianjin Power Research Institute has been working on solid-state fuel cells. In the 1970s, with the development of the aerospace industry, the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics also began researching methanol proton exchange membrane fuel cells. In the 1990s, several institutions, including the Dalian Physical Chemistry Institute, Shanghai Sulfuric Acid Research Institute, Tsinghua University, and Zhejiang University, made progress in fuel cell development. Recently, companies like Shanghai Fuel Cell System Co., Ltd. have moved into practical trial phases.
In May 2002, Shanghai Fuel Cell Systems and Tongji University's New Energy Automotive Engineering Center conducted a trial test of the "Chunhui No. 1" hybrid mini-electric vehicle using both batteries and fuel cells. A fuel cell bus developed jointly by Beijing Bus Factory, Tsinghua University, Beijing Century Fuel Cell Company, and the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics had completed its prototype. In August 2003, SAIC Motor Corporation and Tongji University finished the prototype of a hybrid fuel cell car with independent ownership, with plans to complete the second-generation vehicle prototype by the end of the year.
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