Electric Vehicles Expected to Enter Commercial Interview with Chen Guangzu

Electric vehicles are expected to enter commercialization. An interview with Chen Guangzu was published in Chinese on February 25, 2004, at 8:27:39. The source is the "Reports of the 21st Century Economy." Recently, the Global Fund and the United Nations Development Programme have supported a project titled "Commercialization of Fuel Cell Buses in China." A total of $35 million has been allocated, with one-third from international funding, one-third from the Chinese government, and $5 million each from Shanghai and Beijing. The goal is to introduce 12 fuel cell buses in China between 2006 and 2007—six in Beijing and Shanghai—with demonstration operations, and to expand to 10 cities by 2007–2015. During the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, electric vehicles were included in the "863" major scientific and technological research projects. The development of electric vehicles is seen as an opportunity for China's automotive industry to break through its current status. On February 17, Senior Expert Chen Guangzu of the China Automotive Industry Advisory Committee gave an exclusive interview with this newspaper on electric vehicles. The "21st Century" asked: Some electric vehicles have entered the commercial development stage. In cities like Wuhan and Hangzhou, electric vehicles have already started operating on the streets. However, some people believe that the industry’s development level is still very low. What is the current state of the entire industry? Chen Guangzu responded that hybrid electric vehicles are more technologically mature, with batch production and commercial use in recent years. Pure battery electric vehicles, however, face challenges due to battery quality and cost, and are mostly used in non-highway areas where they show great advantages. As an industry, electric vehicles still face many debates and uncertainties. Fuel cell electric vehicles are considered leading products by many professionals, who believe they will make significant progress in industrialization tests and may become commercialized in the near future. Due to rapid technological advancements, hybrid fuel cell vehicles have emerged. This is because vehicle fuel cell technology is not yet fully mature, so batteries are often used as a supplement, making them a transitional product. These hybrids combine electricity and fuel, blurring the line between traditional electric vehicles. The "21st Century" asked: Compared to the global situation, where is China’s electric vehicle development now? Chen Guangzu said that in the next five years, China’s electric vehicles will see significant progress. He emphasized that instead of focusing only on technological achievements, the industry must aim for mass adoption. This is extremely challenging, but necessary. There have been many lessons learned from past R&D efforts in China’s auto industry, and hard work is needed to address real-world issues. Otherwise, the Chinese auto industry risks missing a major development opportunity. The "21st Century" asked: Some analysts believe that compared to the world level, China’s electric vehicle development, including the initial entry into commercial operations of fuel cell vehicles, is still behind, and it is difficult for China to catch up quickly. Chen Guangzu replied that China’s research on fuel cells is not too late. Since 1958, the Tianjin Power Research Institute has been conducting research on solid-state fuel cells. In the 1970s, with the growth of the aerospace industry, the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics also began working on methanol proton exchange membrane fuel cells. In the 1990s, several institutions, including the Dalian Physical Chemical Institute, Shanghai Sulfuric Acid Research Institute, Tsinghua University, and Zhejiang University, achieved notable progress in fuel cell development. In recent years, companies like Shanghai Fuel Cell System Co., Ltd. have entered practical trial applications. In May 2002, Shanghai Fuel Cell Systems and Tongji University’s New Energy Automotive Engineering Center conducted a trial test of the "Chunhui No. 1" hybrid mini-electric vehicle, which combined batteries and fuel cells. A fuel cell bus jointly developed by Beijing Bus Factory, Tsinghua University, Beijing Century Fuel Cell Company, and the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics had completed its prototype. In August 2003, the second-generation prototype of a hybrid fuel cell car developed by SAIC Motor Corporation and Tongji University was expected to be completed by the end of the year.

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